Gary Null and Amy McDonald
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 Among the plant-derived and traditional herbal remedies that have been deemed effective against cognitive decline are ginkgo biloba, sage and lemon balm, all of which are described in this article.
Concurrent Administration of Coenzyme Q10 and Alpha-Tocopherol Improves Learning in Aged Mice. McDonald SR; Sohal RS; et al. Forster MJ. Free Radu-cal Biology & Medicine, 2005 March 15, 38(6):729-736.
Administering alpha-tocopherol and coenzyme Q10 (CoQIO) simultaneously appears to be more beneficial against age-related learning difficulties than administration of either substance alone. |
Bottom Line Health
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| Also helpful: The herb ginkgo biloba (60 mg, three times daily) reduces tinnitus by improving circulation to the inner ear.
Chewing Gum.. .Drinking Water...and More Natural Ways to Relieve Heartburn
Elaine Magee, MPH, RD, nutrition expert for the WebMD Weight Loss Clinic, and author of numerous books on nutrition and healthy cooking, including Tell Me What to Eat If I Have Acid Reflux. New Page. www. recipedoctor.com.
Millions of Americans experience gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the chronic backsplash of acid into the esophagus, more commonly known as heartburn. |
Marshall Editions
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 Take 160 mg twice a day standardized for 25% anthocyanosides. ginkgo biloba improves blood flow and contains flavonoids that support eye structure. Take 60 mg three times a day with 24% flavone glycoside extract. Rutin restores normal collagen metabolism and normalizes eye tissue. Take 20 mg three times a day.
TIP: TAKE PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Smoking has been linked to macular degeneration. Giving up may reduce your ^ risk of developing the condition. Regular moderate exercise will help keep your blood flowing properly to the eyes. Wear sunglasses that filter out 98% of the ultraviolet spectrum. |
Stephen T. Sinatra, M.D.
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 Such a combination—Coumadin plus ginkgo biloba, garlic, fish oil, ginger, or even excessive amounts of vitamin E (>800 IU/day)—may cause a potential risk for bleeding. When patients are afraid to mention alternative supplements and vitamins they may be taking, they may expose themselves to these dangerous combinations. |
Gary Null and Amy McDonald
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| HERBS. "Ginkgo biloba is utilized at a dose of 120 milligrams per day. This dose increases microvascular circulation, scavenges free radicals, and helps improve concentration and short-term memory."
4. PHARMACEUTICALS. The FDA-approved drugs for Alzheimer's disease include Cognex, Aricept, Exelon, and Razadyne for mild to moderate symptoms; and Namenda for moderate to severe symptoms. As mentioned earlier in this chapter, although not approved by the FDA for Alzheimer's disease, other drugs, including antipsychotics, are being used to treat associated psychotic and behavioral symptoms. |
| Jennifer Brett, "When feverfew is taken with magnesium in does of 250 to 500 milligrams daily, as well as with ginkgo biloba, most people notice a significant reduction in the number of migraines, even to the point of disappearance. This includes people who suffer daily migraines. Many people come to me who have had no success with more conventional treatments. After I start them on the feverfew and magnesium, they get a significant reduction in the number of headaches and the severity of pain. Even when they have headaches, they tend to be less frequent and less painful. |
David Winston, RH(AHG), and Steven Maimes
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 GINKGO
Botanical Name: ginkgo biloba Part Used: Leaf
The medicinal use of ginkgo leaf is, for the most part, a modern invention. There has been little traditional use of the leaf and no research on using ginkgo in any form but the standardized extract. The active constituents (ginkgo flavones and terpenes) are not water soluble, so using a tea of this herb has little or no benefit.
I use the tincture for mild circulatory deficiencies and the standardized extracts for more serious cerebral or circulation deficits. |
Bill Sardi
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 Kidney International 58: 1078-87, 2000; J Endotoxin Research 7: 431-38, 2001] Quercetin and ginkgo biloba both have been shown to inhibit the production of p38 kinase enzyme. [Biochem Pharmacology 62: 963-74, 2001]
6. Ginger
Ginger is a spice that possesses anti-inflammatory properties by virtue of its gingerol content. Ginger and its components are natural COX-2 inhibitors. [Food Chem Toxicology 40: 1091-97,2002] Gingerol inhibits the spread of cancer cells. |
Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey
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 Additionally, previous research has shown that under OS or inflammatory conditions, polyphenols similar to those contained in blueberries, tea, red wine, or ginkgo biloba altered signaling in ERK activity (e.g., see [258, 259], as well as PKC [260, 261] and CREB [262] in several models described next).
1. BV2 Mouse Microglial Cells
As mentioned previously, accumulating evidence indicates that inflammation in the CNS increases during normal aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases augment neuroinflammation. |
Bill Sardi
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| Cellular Molecular Biology 48: 655-62, 2002] ginkgo biloba may also be helpful in preventing the toxic cardiac side effects of certain chemotherapy drugs (Adriamycin). [Research Communications Molecular Pathology Pharmacology 106: 181-92, 1999]
The phytoestrogens
Estrogen is recognized as a promoter of breast cancer. Both elevated concentrations of estrogen and hormone replacement therapy with estrogen for menopause are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. |
Gary Null and Amy McDonald
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| Bugleweed helps alleviate heart palpitations and lowers blood pressure. ginkgo biloba, the well-known multipurpose herb, gets more blood flowing into the small blood vessels. It's suggested at 300 mg in divided doses. Motherwort helps secure cardiac electrical rhythm. Tansy is another herb used for heart palpitations, and it can be ingested as a tea. Wild yam enhances the body's production of DHEA, and DHEA is crucial in helping to prevent heart attacks. Arjuna is an Ayurvedic herb that enhances circulation and lowers blood pressure. Indian snakeroot also has anti-hypertensive qualities. |
| The researchers cited experimental evidence for a neuroprotective effect of ginkgo biloba extract in patients with mild and moderate Alzheimer's disease.
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Huperzine Alpha in Treatment of Mild to Moderate Alzheimer Disease, A Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Randomized Trial. Zang Z; et al. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2002 July 25, 82(14):941-944.
This study of 202 patients concluded that huperzine alpha is a safe and effective treatment that "remarkably improves" the behavior, mood and cognitive status of people with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. |
Marshall Editions
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| HERBALISM
^^^k Ginkgo biloba: Most of ginkgo's beneficial effects are derived from the m ^^\\ herb's purported ability to increase blood flow. By improving blood flow to \^JM the eye, gingko may lessen any degenerative changes. Due to its ^ii^ overwhelming popularity, ginkgo is readily available at local health food stores in pill or capsule form. Most studies have used 120-240 mg daily with 60-80 mg tablets taken two to three times daily. Ginkgo can also be taken as a tea or tincture two to three times daily. |
Joan Liebmann-Smith, Ph. D., and Jacqueline Nardi Egan
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 Tremors are also a common reaction to antipsychotic drugs, theophylline (for asthma), Dilantin (for epilepsy), and Compazine (a tranquilizer and antinausea medicine), as well as the herbal stimulants ephedra, ginkgo biloba, and ginseng.
Tremors sometimes signal alkalosis, a pH imbalance (too little acid in body fluids). Other signs may include muscle twitching, lightheadedness, numbness, and tingling. Alkalosis-related tremors can be a clue to the eating disorder bulimia. The good news is that alkalosis is easily treated. |
Marshall Editions
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| Herbs: ginkgo biloba may also help to stabilize hearing loss; take 80-120 mg of ginkgo daily.
HOMEOPATHY
If hearing loss follows an infection the remedies below can be used. Also see Ear Infection (p. 248) and Glue Ear (p. 256) for additional recommendations.
Aconite: Use this remedy at the first sign of ear inflammation that follows exposure to dry, cold, and windy weather. When Aconite is well indicated there is a hypersensitivity to pain, with a tendency to react by becoming fearful and fractious. |
| Herbs: Studies have shown ginkgo biloba extract to be useful in treating Meniere's disease; take 80-120 mg a day. Fenugreek tea (fenugreek steeped in cold water) stops cricket noises and ringing in the ears. Chamomile tea promotes relaxation and may help the patient to sleep.
TIP: ADDITIONAL THERAPY
Chiropractors, osteopaths, or naturopaths may adjust the head, jaw, and neck to relieve movement restrictions that could affect the inner ear. Craniosacral therapists may gently move the bones of the skull to relieve pressure on the head. |
Joseph Glenmullen, M.D.
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 Alan Cohen and Barbara Bartlik describe the use of ginkgo biloba to treat drug-induced sexual dysfunction.58 ginkgo biloba is an extract derived from the leaves of the Chinese ginkgo tree. Having been used for centuries in Chinese herbal medicine, ginkgo biloba has become popular in this country as a memory-enhancing agent. In their article in the Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, Cohen and Bartlik report that ginkgo biloba improved libido, erectile functioning, and the ability to orgasm in patients with antidepres-sant-induced sexual dysfunction. |
Bill Sardi
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| This simple emulsifier has been shown to improve the biological action of natural herbal products such as quercetin, ginkgo biloba and silybin, the active ingredient in milk thistle. [Planta Medica 67: 326-30, 2001; European Journal Cancer 39: 2403-10, 2003; Bioscience Biotechnology Biochemistry 67: 2548-55, 2003]
Anemia: Erythropoietin
Iron deficiency anemia resulting in low red blood cell count is common among cancer patients. Cancer activates inflammatory molecules that destroy red blood cells. |
| Natural iron chelators such as bioflavonoids (extracts from grape seed, bilberry, cranberry, blueberry, cherry, milk thistle, ginkgo biloba, green tea, quercetin, rutin, and others), IP6 rice bran extract, or echinacea, may be consumed from foods and supplements, to inhibit the production of hyaluronidase, the enzyme that breaks down HA.
Once cancer has begun to grow and spread, short-length, low-molecular weight HA taken orally may help to intercept circulating tumors cells.
Use of hyaluronidase to treat cancer should remain under a doctor's supervision. |
Joseph Glenmullen, M.D.
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| Alan Cohen and Barbara Bartlik describe the use of ginkgo biloba to treat drug-induced sexual dysfunction.58 ginkgo biloba is an extract derived from the leaves of the Chinese ginkgo tree. Having been used for centuries in Chinese herbal medicine, ginkgo biloba has become popular in this country as a memory-enhancing agent. In their article in the Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, Cohen and Bartlik report that ginkgo biloba improved libido, erectile functioning, and the ability to orgasm in patients with antidepres-sant-induced sexual dysfunction. |
Bill Sardi
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| Ginkgo biloba ... 450 The phytoestrogens... 450
Flax among men ... 455
Flaxseed, flax oil or flax lignans? ... 455
Pomegranate ... 457
Graviola (Paw Paw)... 458
Ginseng ... 458
Ginger... 459
Olive leaf extract ... 460
Lycopene ... 463
Lycopene disappoints ... 465 Blood levels of lycopene ... 465 Dietary lycopene intake ... 465 Lycopene prostate concentration ... 466 Stability of lycopene ... 466 Dosage of lycopene ... 467 Sources of lycopene ... 468 Absorption of lycopene ... 468 Companion nutrients... 468 Hormonal factors... 468 Lycopene supplements... 469
Garlic ... |
Marshall Editions
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| Herbs: ginkgo biloba improves circulation to the whole body. Take 240 mg of the extract (standardized to contain 6% terpene lactones and 24% flavone glycosides) per day, generally divided into two or three doses.
TIP: STOP SMOKING
Smoking reduces the blood flow to your extremities and increases the likelihood of numbness and tingling in your arms, hands, legs, and feet.
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Very mild, infrequent symptoms may respond to one of the following remedies. |
| Herbs: ginkgo biloba is a powerful antioxidant that enhances circulation and increases the supply of oxygen to the brain and sexual organs. The standard dosage of ginkgo is 40-80 mg three times daily of a 50:1 extract standardized to contain 24% ginkgo-flavone glycosides. Take 500-1,000 mg of horny goat weed, which, as the name implies, is a natural aphrodisiac that helps restore sexual desire in men and women. Maca root is used throughout the world to increase energy, libido, stamina, and sexual performance in men and women. A recommended dose is 500-1,000 mg three times a day. |
Gary Null and Amy McDonald
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| Herbs that Lower Cholesterol_
The most helpful herbs for lowering cholesterol and triglycerides are ginger, cayenne, raw garlic, and onions; also take ginkgo biloba, gotu kola as directed, and red clover as directed.
Mineral that Lowers Cholesterol_
Potassium is the superstar mineral for lowering hypertension and cholesterol. Generally taken at 500 mg a day, it will help significantly.
Phytochemicals that Lower Cholesterol
The healing phytochemicals in fruits and fruit juices are also very important. |
Mike Adams
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 Some of the best brain-enhancing foods and supplements include brazil nuts, lecithin, ginkgo biloba, PS (phosphytidylserine), rosemary and all the foods containing healthy oils: Chia seeds, flax, salmon, macadamia nuts, etc.
Products to consider for cognitive decline:
PhosphatidylSerine (PS) (www.WellnessResources.com) <*" Super EPA / DHA with Sesame Lignans & Olive Fruit Extract (www.LEF.org) Cognitex with Pregnenolone & Neuroprotection Complex (www.LEF.org) Baseline Nutritionals Warp Speed (www.BaselineNutritionals.com) Super Selenium Complex and Mitochondrial Energy Optimizer (www.LEF. |
Alan R. Gaby, M.D., Jonathan V. Wright, M.D., Forrest Batz, Pharm.D. Rick Chester, RPh., N.D., DipLAc. George Constantine, R.Ph., Ph.D. Linnea D. Thompson, Pharm.D., N.D.
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 Asian ginseng
(page 630)
Yohimbe (page 764)
Arginine (page 467) DHEA (page 503) Pycnogenol
Rutea superba ginkgo biloba (page 681) (for ED of vascular origin)
Damiana (page 666)
What are the symptoms of erectile dysfunction?
ED is defined by the symptoms listed above. Symptoms may also include loss of sexual desire (libido), premature ejaculation, or inability to achieve orgasm. |
Mike Adams
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| Ohio State University in Columbus. ginkgo biloba offers hope to MS patients. Oregon Health and Science University. Cranberries protect body against harmful bacteria. Rutgers University. Pomegranate juice reduces artery-blocking plaque. Lipid Research Laboratory in Israel. Broccoli promotes healthy joints. Johns Hopkins University. Cruciferous vegetables protect against lung cancer. The Lancet. Uncooked soy can lower cholesterol by 9 percent. University of Kentucky. Sweet potatoes boost immune system. American Institute for Cancer Research. |
Alan R. Gaby, M.D., Jonathan V. Wright, M.D., Forrest Batz, Pharm.D. Rick Chester, RPh., N.D., DipLAc. George Constantine, R.Ph., Ph.D. Linnea D. Thompson, Pharm.D., N.D.
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| Individuals with epilepsy should not, therefore, take ginkgo biloba without medical supervision.
Are there any side effects or interactions?
Refer to the individual supplement for information about any side effects or interactions.
Herbs that may be helpful
The Chinese herb bupleurum (page 647) is included in two similar Chinese herbal formulae known as sho-saiko-to and saiko-keishi-to; these combinations contain the same herbs but in different proportions. |
Jonathan V. Wright, M.D. and Alan R. Gaby, M.D.
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 Ginkgo biloba extract (standardized to contain 24% ginkgo heterosides), 40 to 120 mg per day.
• Bilberry (standardized to contain 25% anthocyanosides), 40 to 120 mg per day.
• Lutein, 5 to 20 mg per day.
• Assess digestion and absorption; use appropriate digestive aids when indicated.
Conclusion
AMD is the most common cause of visual decline. Published tesearch and our own clinical experience strongly suggest that the loss of vision associated with this condition can be delayed or arrested and, in some patients, can actually be reversed. |
Alan R. Gaby, M.D., Jonathan V. Wright, M.D., Forrest Batz, Pharm.D. Rick Chester, RPh., N.D., DipLAc. George Constantine, R.Ph., Ph.D. Linnea D. Thompson, Pharm.D., N.D.
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| Evening primrose oil
(page 511)
Magnesium (page 551) Multiple vitamin-mineral (page 559) Potassium gluconate
(page 572)
Vitamin E (page 609)
Fiber (page 512) Progesterone
(page 577)
Vitamin A (page 595) (see dosage warnings) Vitamin B-complex
(page 603)
Black cohosh
(page 637) Dong quai (page 668) ginkgo biloba (page 681) Peony (page 724) Yarrow (page 763) the best recognized herbs in Europe for promoting lactation. |
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